Bibliography for BRM5220 - Equine Reproductive Physiology and Breeding Technology BETA

1

Davies Morel MCG. Equine reproductive physiology, breeding and stud management. Fourth edition. Wallingford: CABI 2015.

2

McKinnon AO. Equine reproduction. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell 2011.

3

Davies Morel MCG. Equine artificial insemination. Wallingford: CABI Publishing 1999.

4

Knottenbelt DC. Equine stud farm medicine and surgery. London: W. B. Saunders 2003.

5

Samper JC, Pycock JF, McKinnon AO. Current therapy in equine reproduction. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders 2007.

6

Aerts J, Bols P. Ovarian Follicular Dynamics: A Review with Emphasis on the Bovine Species. Part I: Folliculogenesis and Pre-antral Follicle Development. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2010;45:171–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01302.x

7

Ashdown RR, Done S. Color atlas of veterinary anatomy: [Vol.2]: The horse ; Raymond R. Ashdown, Stanley H. Done ; photography by Susan A. Evans. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1987.

8

Binelli M, Murphy BD. Coordinated regulation of follicle development by germ and somatic cells. Reproduction, Fertility and Development. 2010;22:1–12.

9

Bonnet A, Dalbiès-Tran R, Sirard MA. Opportunities and challenges in applying genomics to the study of oogenesis and folliculogenesis in farm animals. Reproduction. 2008;135.

10

Caslick EA. The vulva and vulvo-vaginal orifice and its relation to genital tracts of the Thoroughbred mare. Cornell Vet. 1937;27.

11

Causey RC. Mucus and the mare: How little we know. Theriogenology. 2007;68:386–94. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.04.011

12

Del Campo MR, Donoso MX, Parrish JJ, et al. In vitro fertilization of in vitro-matured equine oocytes. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1990;10:18–22.

13

Easley J. External Perineal conformation. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993:19–26.

14

Ellenberger C, Müller K, Schoon H-A, et al. Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Equine Anovulatory Haemorrhagic Follicles (AHFs). Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2009;44:395–405. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01085.x

15

Ginther OJ. Reproductive biology of the mare: basic and applied aspects. 2nd ed. Cross Plains, Wis: Equiservices 1992.

16

Ginther OJ. Ultrasonic imaging and animal reproduction: Book 2: Horses. Cross Plains, Wisconsin: Equiservices Publishing 1995.

17

A comparative study of follicular dynamics between lactating and non-lactating mares: effect of the body condition. Theriogenology. 2002;58:553–6. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(02)00851-8

18

Hafez B, Hafez ESE. Reproduction in farm animals. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2000.

19

Hemberg E, Lundeheim N, Einarsson S. Retrospective Study on Vulvar Conformation in Relation to Endometrial Cytology and Fertility in Thoroughbred Mares. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A. 2005;52:474–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00760.x

20

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Reproductive organs of the mare. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993:3–19.

21

Knottenbelt DC. Equine stud farm medicine and surgery. London: W. B. Saunders 2003.

22

Colahan PT. Equine medicine and surgery. 4th ed. Goleta, Calif: American Veterinary Publications 1991.

23

McAllister RA. Identification of anatomic features of the equine clitoris as potential growth sites for Taylorella equigenitalis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. ;196:1965–6.

24

Mermillod P, Dalbiès-Tran R, Uzbekova S, et al. Factors affecting oocyte quality: who is driving the follicle? Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2008;43.

25

Mihm M, Evans A. Mechanisms for Dominant Follicle Selection in Monovulatory Species: A Comparison of Morphological, Endocrine and Intraovarian Events in Cows, Mares and Women. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2008;43:48–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01142.x

26

Pascoe RR. Observations on the length and angle of declination of the vulva and its relation to fertility of the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27.

27

Pascoe RR, Pascoe DR, Wilson MC. Influence of follicular status on twinning rate in mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35:183–9.

28

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Folliculogenesis. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

29

POURET EJM. Surgical technique for the correction of pneumo- and urovagina. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1982;14:249–50.

30

Reef VB. Ultrasonography of genital tract of mare. Equine diagnostic ultrasound. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders 1998.

31

Rooney JR, Sack WO. Rooney’s guide to the dissection of the horse. 6th ed. New York: Veterinary Textbooks 1991.

32

Samper JC, Pycock JF, McKinnon AO. Current therapy in equine reproduction. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders 2007.

33

Simpson D, Eaton-Evans W. Sites of CEM infection. Veterinary Record. 1978;102:488–488.

34

Sisson S. The anatomy of the domestic animals. 4th ed., rev. Philadelphia: Saunders 1953.

35

Sorensen AM. Animal reproduction, principles and practices. New York: McGraw-Hill 1979.

36

Squires EL, Douglas RH, Steffenhagen WP, et al. Ovarian changes during the oestrus cycle and pregnancy in mares. Journal of Animal Science. 1974;38. doi: 10.2134/jas1974.382330x

37

Vogelsang MM, Kraemer DC, Potter GD, et al. Fine structure of the follicular oocyte of the horse. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35:157–67.

38

The site of ovulation in the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23:329–30.

39

Almahbobi G, Papadopoulas V, Carreaus S, et al. Age related morphological and functional changes in the leydig cells of the horse. Biology of Reproduction. 1988;38.

40

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

41

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

42

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

43

Ashdown RR, Done S. Color atlas of veterinary anatomy: [Vol.2]: The horse ; Raymond R. Ashdown, Stanley H. Done ; photography by Susan A. Evans. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1987.

44

Beckett SD, Hudson RS, Walker DF, et al. Corpus cavernosum penis pressure and external penile muscle activity during erection in the goat. Biology of Reproduction. 1972;7.

45

Marshall FHA, Lamming GE. The mammalian spermatozoon.  Morphology, biochemistry and physiology. Marshall’s Physiology of reproduction: Vol.2: Reproduction in the male. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone 1990.

46

Berndtson WE, Squires EL, Thompson DL. Spermatogenesis, testicular composition and the concentration of testosterone in the equine testis as influenced by season. Theriogenology. 1983;20:449–57.

47

Boyle MS, Cran DG, Allen WR, et al. Distribution of spermatozoa in the mare’s oviduct. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

48

Burns T, Chenier T, Munroe G. Male Reproductive Tract. Equine clinical medicine, surgery, and reproduction. London: Manson/Veterinary Press .

49

COX JE, EDWARDS GB, NEAL PA. An Analysis of 500 cases of Equine Cryptorchidism. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1979;11:113–6. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1979.tb01321.x

50

Davies Morel MCG. Equine artificial insemination. Wallingford: CABI Publishing 1999.

51

Eddy EM. The spermatozoon. Knobil and Neill’s physiology of reproduction. San Diego, Calif: Elsevier 2006.

52

Friedman R, Scott M, Heath SE, et al. The effects of increased testicular temperature on spermatogenesis in the stallion. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

53

Fukuda T, Kikuchi M, Kurotaki T, et al. Age related changes in the testes of horses. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2001;33.

54

Gebauer MR, Pickett BW, Swierstra EE. Reproductive physiology of the stallion II.  Daily production and output of sperm. Journal of Animal Science. 1974;39. https://www.animalsciencepublications.org/publications/jas/abstracts/39/4/JAN0390040732

55

Ginther OJ. Ultrasonic imaging and animal reproduction: Book 2: Horses. Cross Plains, Wisconsin: Equiservices Publishing 1995.

56

Gadella BM, Rathi R, Brouwers JFHM, et al. Capacitation and the acrosome reaction in equine sperm. Animal Reproduction Science. 2001;68:249–65. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(01)00161-0

57

Hochereau-de-Reviers MT. Spermotogeneis in mammals and birds. Marshall’s Physiology of reproduction: Vol.2: Reproduction in the male. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone 1990.

58

Hoffman LS, Adam TE, Evans JW. Circadian circhoral and seasonal variation in patterns of gonadotrophin secretion in geldings. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35:51–8.

59

Johnson L, Thompson DL. Age-related and seasonal variation in the Sertoli cell population, daily sperm production and serum concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone, luteirising hormone and testosterone in stallions. Biology of Reproduction. 1983;29.

60

Cupps PT. Spermotgenesis. Reproduction in domestic animals. San Diego: Academic Press 1991.

61

Johnson L, Neaves WB. Age-related changes in the leydig cell population, simifererous tubules and sperm production in stallions. Biology of Reproduction. 1981;24.

62

Korenman SG. New insights into erectile dysfunction: a practical approach. The American Journal of Medicine. 1998;105:135–44.

63

Kosiniak K. Characteristics of the successive jets of ejaculated semen of stallions. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23:59–61.

64

Little TV, Woods GL. Ultrasonography of accessory sex glands in the stallion. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

65

Lopate C, LeBlanc M, Knottenbelt D. The Stallion. Equine stud farm medicine and surgery. London: W. B. Saunders 2003.

66

Love CC, Garcia MC, Riera FR, et al. Evaluation of measures taken by ultrasonography and caliper to estimate testicular volume and... Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

67

Magistrini M, Seguin F, Beau P, et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of stallion genital tract fluids and seminal plasma: contribution of the accessory sex glands to the ejaculate. Biology of Reproduction, Monograph Equine Reproduction VI. 1995.

68

Mann T. Biochemistry of Stallion Semen. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement. 1975;23.

69

McDonnell SM, Garcia MC, Kennedy RM. Pharmarcological manipulation of sexual behaviour in stallions. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

70

Reef VB. Ultrasonography of genital tract of stallion. Equine diagnostic ultrasound. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders 1998.

71

Roberts SJ. Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases. Reproduction of first edition. Whitefish, Montana: Literary Licensing 2012.

72

Rossdale PD, Ricketts SW. Equine stud farm medicine. 2nd ed. London: Baillière Tindall .

73

Searle D, Dart AJ, Dart CM, et al. Equine castration: review of anatomy, approaches, techniques and complications in normal, cryptorchid and monorchid horses. Australian Veterinary Journal. 1999;77.

74

Squires EL, Pickett BW, Amman RP. Effect of successive ejaculation on stallion seminal characteristics. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27.

75

Swierstra EE, Gebawer MR, Pickett BW. Reproductive physiology of the stallion 1.  Spermatogenesis and testis composition. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1974;40. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0400113

76

Swiestra EE, Pickett BW, Gebaur MR. Spermatogenesis and duration of transit of spermatozoa through the excurrent ducts of stallions. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23.

77

Tischner M, Kosiniak K, Bielanski W. Analysis of the pattern of ejaculation in stallions. Journal of Reproduction of Fertility. 1974;41.

78

Thompson DL, Johnson L, Weist JJ. Effects of month and age on prolactin concentrations in stallion serum. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

79

Thompson DL, Pickett BW, Squires EL, et al. Testicular measurements and reproductive characteristics in stallions. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27:13–7.

80

Weber JA, Woods GL. Transrectal ultrasonography for the evaluation of stallion accessory sex glands. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Veterinary Clinics of North America, Equine Practice. 1992;8.

81

Weber JA, Woods GL. Ultrasonic measurements of stallion accessory glands and excurrent ducts during seminal emission and ejaculation. Biology of Reproduction. 1993;49.

82

Weber JA, Geary RT, Woods GL. Changes in accessory sex glands of stallions after sexual preparation and ejaculation. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1990;186.

83

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. FSH and LH. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

84

Allen WR. Control of ovulation and oestrus in the mare. Control of ovulation: [proceedings of the 26th. Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science]. London: Butterworth 1978.

85

Allen WR, Cooper MJ. Prostaglandins. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

86

ALLEN WE, HADLEY JC. Blood Progesterone Concentrations in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Mares. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1974;6:87–93.

87

Aurich C, Hoppe H, Aurich JE. Role of Endogenous Opioids for Regulation of the Oestrous Cycle in the Horse. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 1995;30:188–92. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1995.tb00144.x

88

Aurich L, Schlote S, Hoppen H-O, et al. Effects of the opioid antagonist naloxane on release of LH in mares during the anovulatory season. Journal of Endocrinology. 1994;142.

89

Belin F. Intrafollicular Concentrations of Steroids and Steroidogenic Enzymes in Relation to Follicular Development in the Mare. Biology of Reproduction. 2000;62:1335–43. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod62.5.1335

90

Bennett-Wimbush K, Loch WE, Plata-Madrid H, et al. The effects of perphenazine and bromocriptine on follicular dynamics and endocrine profiles in anestrous pony mares. Theriogenology. 1998;49:717–33. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(98)00021-1

91

Bergfelt DR, Ginther OJ. Relationships between FSH surges and follicular waves during the estrous cycle in mares. Theriogenology. 1993;39:781–96.

92

Bergfelt DR, Ginther OJ. Synchronous fluctuations of LH and FSH in plasma samples collected daily during the estrous cycle in mares. Theriogenology. 1993;40:1137–46.

93

Besognek B, Hansen BS, Daels PC. Dopaminergic regulation of gonadotrophin secretion in seasonally anoestrus mares. Journal of Reproduction of Fertility. 1996;108.

94

Besognek B, Hansen BS, Daels PF. Prolactin secretion during the transitional phase and relationships to onset of reproductive season in mares. Biology of Reproductive Monograph Series. 1995;1.

95

Carnevale EM, Hermenet MJ, Ginther OJ. Age and pasture effects on vernal transition in mares. Theriogenology. 1997;47:1009–18. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(97)00058-7

96

Cleaver BD, Grubaugh WR, Davies SD, et al. Effect of constant light exposure on circulating gonadotrophin levels and hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) content in the ovarie... - PubMed - NCBI. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement. 1991;44.

97

Crowell-Davis SL. Sexual behavior of mares. Hormones and Behaviour. 2007;52:1.

98

Cuervo-Arango J, Newcombe JR. Repeatability of preovulatory follicular diameter and uterine edema pattern in two consecutive cycles in the mare and how they are influenced by ovulation inductors. Theriogenology. 2008;69:681–7. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.11.019

99

Daels PF, Fatone S, Hansen BS, et al. Dopamine antagonist-induced reproductive function in anoestrous mares: gonadotrophin secretion... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 2000;56.

100

DAELS PF, STABENFELDT GH, KINDAHL H, et al. Prostaglandin release and luteolysis associated with physiological and pathological conditions of the reproductive cycle of the mare: a review. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;21:29–34.

101

Diekman MA, Braun W, Peter D, et al. Seasonal serum concentrations of melatonin in cycling and non-cycling mares. Journal of Animal Science. 2002;80.

102

Donadeu F, Pedersen H. Follicle Development in Mares. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2008;43:224–31. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01166.x

103

Dowsett KF, Knott LM, Woodward RA, et al. Seasonal variation in the estrous cycle of mares in the subtropics. Theriogenology. 1993;39:631–53.

104

Eagle RC. Characterization and Distribution of Gonadotrophs in the Pars Distalis and Pars Tuberalis of the Equine Pituitary Gland During the Estrous Cycle and Seasonal Anestrus. Biology of Reproduction. 2000;63:826–32. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod63.3.826

105

Elhay M, Newbold A, Britton A, et al. Suppression of behavioural and physiological oestrus in the mare by vaccination against GnRH. Australian Veterinary Journal. 2007;85.

106

Fay JE, Douglas RH. Changes in thecal and granulosa cell LH and FSH receptor content associated with follicular... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;37.

107

Fitzgerald BP, Affleck KJ, Barrows SP, et al. Changes in LH pulse frequency and amplitude in intact mares during the transition into the breeding season. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;79.

108

Fitzgerald BP, Reedy SE, Sessions DR, et al. Potential signals mediating the maintenance of reproductive activity during the non-breeding season of the mare. Reproduction. 2002;59.

109

Garcia MC, Freedman LH, Ginther OJ. Interaction of seasonal and ovarian factors in the regulation of LH and FSH secretion in the mare. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27.

110

GARCIA MC, GINTHER OJ. Effects of Ovariectomy and Season on Plasma Luteinizing Hormone in Mares. Endocrinology. 1976;98:958–62. doi: 10.1210/endo-98-4-958

111

Gastal EL. Role of Luteinizing Hormone in Follicle Deviation Based on Manipulating Progesterone Concentrations in Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 1999;61:1492–8. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod61.6.1492

112

Gastal EL. Follicle Deviation and Intrafollicular and Systemic Estradiol Concentrations in Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 1999;61:31–9. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod61.1.31

113

Gastal EL, Gastal MO, Beg MA, et al. Interrelationships among follicles during the common-growth phase of a follicular wave and capacity of individual follicles for dominance in mares. Reproduction. 2004;128:417–22. doi: 10.1530/rep.1.00259

114

Gastal M, Gastel E, Spinelli V, et al. Relationships between body condition and follicle development in mares. Journal of Animal Reproduction. ;2004.

115

Gentry L, Thompson D, Gentry G, et al. High verses low body condition in mares, interactions with responses to somatotropin, GnRH analog, and dexamethasone. Journal of Animal Science. 2002;80. https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jas/abstracts/80/12/3277

116

Gentry LR, Thompson DL, Gentry GT, et al. The relationship between body condition, leptin, and reproductive and hormonal characteristics of mares during the seasonal anovulatory period. Journal of Animal Science. 2002;80.

117

Ginther OJ. Reproductive biology of the mare: basic and applied aspects. 2nd ed. Cross Plains, Wis: Equiservices 1992.

118

Ginther OJ. Follicle Selection in Monovular Species. Biology of Reproduction. 2001;65:638–47. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod65.3.638

119

Ginther OJ, Beg MA, Donadeu FX, et al. Mechanism of follicle deviation in monovular farm species. Animal Reproduction Science. 2003;78:239–57. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(03)00093-9

120

Ginther OJ, Bergfelt DR. Growth of small follicles and concentrations of FSH during the equine oestrus cycle. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1993;99.

121

Ginther OJ. In Vivo Effects of an Intrafollicular Injection of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 on the Mechanism of Follicle Deviation in Heifers and Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 2003;70:99–105. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.021949

122

Ginther OJ, Gastel E, Gastel M, et al. Seasonal influence on equine follicle dynamics. The Journal of Animal Reproduction. 2004;1.

123

Ginther OJ. Critical Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Follicle Selection and Dominance in Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 2004;70:1374–9. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.026195

124

Ginther OJ. Dose-Response Study of Intrafollicular Injection of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I on Follicular Fluid Factors and Follicle Dominance in Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 2003;70:1063–9. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.024844

125

Ginther OJ. Follicle and Endocrine Dynamics During Experimental Follicle Deviation in Mares. Biology of Reproduction. 2002;67:862–7. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.102.004309

126

Goff AK, Pontbriand D, Sirios J. Oxytocin stimulation of plasma 15-keto-13,14-dihydro prostaglandin F-2 alpha during the... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

127

Grubaugh W, Sharp DC, Berglund LA, et al. Effects of pinealectomy in Pony mares. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1982;32.

128

Guerin MV, Wang XJ. Environmental temperature has an influence on timing of the first ovulation of seasonal estrus in the mare. Theriogenology. 1994;42:1053–60.

129

Guerin MV, Deed JR, Kennaway DJ, et al. Plasma melatonin in the horse: Measurements in natural photoperiod and in acutely extended darkness throughout the year. Journal of Pineal Research. 1995;19:7–15.

130

Hay ME, Allen WR, Lewis IM. The distribution of ∆5 3b – hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the Graafian follicle of the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23.

131

Imboden I, Janett F, Burger D, et al. Influence of immunization against GnRH on reproductive cyclicity and estrous behavior in the mare. Theriogenology. 2006;66.

132

Irvine CH, Alexander SL. Secretory patterns and rates of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone revealed by intensive sampling of pituitary venous blood in the luteal phase mare. Endocrinology. 1993;132:212–8.

133

Johnson AL. Serum Concentrations of Prolactin, Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine Relative to Season and the Estrous Cycle in the Mare. Journal of Animal Science. 1986;62. doi: doi:10.2527/jas1986.6241012x

134

Kalra SP, Kalra PS. Do testosterone and estradiol 17 enforce stimulation of luteinising hormone-releasing hormone secretion. Biology of Reproduction. 1986;41.

135

Irvine CHG, Alexander SL. A novel technique for measuring hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion rates from collection of pituitary venous effluent in the normal horse. Journal of Endocrinology. 1987;113:183–92.

136

Irvine CHG, Alexander SL. The dynamics of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, LH and FSH secretion during the spontaneous ovulatory surge of the mare as revealed by intensive sampling of pituitary venous blood. Journal of Endocrinology. 1994;140:283–95.

137

Hsueh AJW, McGee EA, Hayashi M, et al. Hormonal regulation of early follicular development in the rat ovary. Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2000;163.

138

Kilmer DN, Sharp DC, Berhund LA, et al. Melatonin rhythms in Pony mares and foals. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1982;32.

139

King SS, Jones KL, Mullenix BA, et al. Seasonal relationships between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor and equine FSH receptor mRNA in equine ovarian epithelium. Animal Reproduction Science. 2008;108:259–66. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.08.007

140

Marković D, Pavlović M, Pavlović V. Seasonality, folliculogenesis and luteogenesis in mare ovaries. Medicine and Biology. 2003;10.

141

Matzuk MM. Revelations of ovarian follicle biology from gene knockout mice. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 2000;163:61–6. doi: 10.1016/S0303-7207(99)00241-5

142

Melrose PA, Walker RF, Douglas RH. Dopamine in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Prepubertal and Adult Horses. Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 1990;35:98–106.

143

Mihm M, Evans A. Mechanisms for Dominant Follicle Selection in Monovulatory Species: A Comparison of Morphological, Endocrine and Intraovarian Events in Cows, Mares and Women. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2008;43:48–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01142.x

144

Montovan SM, Daels PP, Rivier J, et al. The effect of a potent GnRH agonist on gonadal and sexual activity in the horse. Theriogenology. 1990;33:1305–21.

145

Nambo Y, Nagaoka K, Tanaka Y, et al. Mechanisms responsible for increase in circulating inhibin levels at the time of ovulation in mares. Theriogenology. 2002;57:1707–17. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(02)00683-0

146

Nagy P, Guillaume D, Daels P. Seasonality in mares. Animal Reproduction Science. 2000;60–61:245–62. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00133-0

147

Nagy P, Huszenicza Gy, Reiczigel J, et al. Factors affecting plasma progesterone concentration and the retrospective determination of time of ovulation in cyclic mares. Theriogenology. 2004;61:203–14. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00211-5

148

Neely DP, Kindahl H, Stabenfeldt GH, et al. Prostaglandin release patterns in the mare: physiological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic responses. - PubMed - NCBI. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27.

149

Nequin LG, King SS, Johnson AL, et al. Prolactin may play a role in stimulating the equine ovry during the spring reproductive transition. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1993;13:631–5.

150

Nett TM. Estrogens. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

151

Nett TM. Reproductive peptide and protein hormones. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

152

Noden PA, Oxender WD, Hafs HD. The cycle of oestrus, ovulation and plasma levels of hormones in the mare. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23.

153

Pantke P, Hyland J, Galloway DB, et al. Changes in luteinizing hormone bioactivity associated with gonadotrophin pulses in the cycling... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

154

Pinto CRF, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, et al. Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhabitors on ovulation in hCG-stimulated mares. Theriogenology. 2002;58:1017–26. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(02)00932-9

155

Pinto CRF, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, et al. Concentrations of nitric oxide in equine preovulatory follicles before and after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin. Theriogenology. 2003;60:819–27. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00096-7

156

Pozar MA, McDonnell SM, Kenny RM, et al. GnRH facilitates copulatory behaviour in geldings treated with testosterone. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

157

Pycock J, Dieleman S, Drifjhout P, et al. Correlation of plasma concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol with ultrasound characteristics of the uterus and duration of oestrous behaviour in the cycling mare. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 1995;30:224–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1995.tb00150.x

158

Roser JF, McCue PM, Hoye E. Inhibin activity in the mare and stallion. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 1994;11:87–100.

159

Roy SK, Greenwald GS. In vitro steroidogeneis by primary to antral follicles in the hamster during the periovulatory period:  Effects of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and prolactin. Biology of Reproduction. 1987;37.

160

Sarwar A, Enbergs H, Klug E. Influence of parity, age, mineral and trace element-mixture supplementation on puerperal status in mares: analysis and quantification through progesterone profiles. Veterinarski Arhive. 1998;68.

161

Sharp DC, Clever BD. Melatonin. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

162

SHARP DC. Transition into the breeding season: clues to the mechanisms of seasonality. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1988;20:159–61.

163

SHORT RV. STEROIDS IN THE FOLLICULAR FLUID AND THE CORPUS LUTEUM OF THE MARE. A ‘TWO-CELL TYPE’ THEORY OF OVARIAN STEROID SYNTHESIS. Journal of Endocrinology. 1962;24:59–63.

164

Silva PJ, Squires EL, Nett TM. Changes in the hypothalmic-hypophysical axis of mares associated with seasonal reproductive recrudescences. Biology of Reproduction. 1986;35.

165

SIROIS J, BALL BA, FORTUNE JE. Patterns of growth and regression of ovarian follicles during the oestrous cycle and after hemiovariectomy in mares. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;21:43–8.

166

Spicer LJ, Tucker KE, Henderson KA, et al. Concentrations of insulin like growth factor-1 in follicular fluid and blood plasma of mares during early and late oestrus. Animal Reproduction Science. 1991;25.

167

Squires EL. Progesterone. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

168

Stevenson KR, Parkinson TJ, Wathes DC. Measurements of oxytocin concentration in plasma and ovarian extracts during the oestrus cycle of mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;93.

169

Strauss SS, Chen CL, Kalra SP, et al. Localization of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of ovariectomized... Journal of Reproduction and Fetility. 1979;27.

170

Tanaka Y, Nagamine N, Nambo Y, et al. Ovarian secretion of inhibin in mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 2000;56.

171

Tetzke TA, Ismail S, Mikuckis G, et al. Patterns of oxytocin secretion during the oestrous cycle of the mare. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

172

Thompson DL, Hoffman R, DePew CL. Prolactin administration to seasonally anoestrous mares: Reproductive, metabolic and hair-shedding responses. Journal of Animal Science. 1997;75. doi: /1997.7541092x

173

Thompson DL, Johnson L. Concentrations of prolactin luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in pituitary and serum of horses.  Effect of sex, season and reproductive state. Journal of Animal Science. 1986;63. doi: 10.2134/jas1986.633854x

174

Tucker KE, Henderson KA, Duby RT. In vitro steroidogenesis by granulosa cells from equine pre-ovulatory follicles. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

175

Turner JE, Irvine CH. The effect of various gonadotrophin-releasing hormone regimens on gonadotrophins, follicular... Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

176

Watson E, McDonnell A, Cuddeford D. Characteristics of cyclicity in maiden thoroughbred mares in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Record. 1994;135:104–6.

177

Watson ED, Pedersen HG, Thomson SRM, et al. Control of follicular development and luteal function in the mare: Effects of a GnRH antagonist. Theriogenology. 2000;54:599–609. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00375-7

178

Weedman BJ, King SS, Neumann KR, et al. Comparison of circulating estradiol-178 and folliculogenesis during the breeding season, autumn transition and anestrus in the mare. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1993;13:502–5.

179

Weeson JA, Ginther OJ. Influence of season and age on reproductive activity in pony mares on the basis of a slaughterhouse survey. Journal of Animal Science. 1981;52. https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jas/abstracts/52/1/JAN0520010119

180

Wilson T. Highly Prolific Booroola Sheep Have a Mutation in the Intracellular Kinase Domain of Bone Morphogenetic Protein IB Receptor (ALK-6) That Is Expressed in Both Oocytes and Granulosa Cells. Biology of Reproduction. 2001;64:1225–35. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod64.4.1225

181

Worthy K, Colquhoun K, Escreet R, et al. Plasma prolactin concentrations in non-pregnant mares at different times of the year and in... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

182

Amann RP. A review of anatomy and physiology of the stallion. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1981;1:83–105. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(81)80022-6

183

Amann RP. Spermatogenesis in the stallion: A review. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1981;1:131–9.

184

Amman RP. Physiology and endocrinology. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

185

Argo CM, Cox JE, Gray JL. Effect of oral melatonin treatment on the seasonal physiology of pony stallions. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1795254

186

Aurich C, Sieme H, Happe H, et al. Involvement of endogenous opiords in the regulation of LH and testosterone release in the male horse. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1994;102.

187

Berndston WE, Jones LS. Relationship of intratesticular testosterone content to age, spermatogenesis, sertoli cell distribution and germ cell:  ratio. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1989;85.

188

Besognet B, Hansen BS, Daels PL. Dopominergic regulation of gonadotrophin secretion in seasonally anoestrus mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1996;108.

189

Blue BJ, Pickett BW, Squires EL, et al. Effect of pulsatile or continuous administration of GnRH on reproductive function of stallions. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fetility. 1991;44.

190

Blanchard TL, Evans JW, Varner DD, et al. Pulsatile release of gonadotropins in young pony stallions. Theriogenology. 1990;34:1087–97.

191

Burns PJ, Kumaresan P, Douglas RH. Plasma oxytocin concentrations in cyclic mares and sexually aroused stallions. Theriogenology. 1981;16:531–9.

192

Christensen JW, Zharkihk T, Ladewig J, et al. Social behaviour in stallion groups (Equus prezewalskii and Equus caballus) kept under natural and domestic conditions. Applied Animal Behaviour and Science. 2002;76.

193

Clay CM, Clay JN. Endocrine and testicular changes associated with season, artificial photoperiod, and the... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Veterinary Clinics of North America Equine Practice. 1992;8.

194

Clay CM, Squires EL, Amann RR, et al. Influences of season and artificial photoperiod on stallions:  Luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone. Journal of Animal Science. 1988;66.

195

Clay CM, Squire EL, Amann RR, et al. Influences of season and artificial photoperiod on stallion’s pituitary and testicular responses to exogenous GnRH. Journal of Animal Science. 1989;67.

196

Claus R, Dimmick MA, Gimenez T, et al. Estrogens and prostaglandin F2α in the semen and blood plasma of stallions. Theriogenology. 1992;38:687–93.

197

Collingsworth MGR, Fuller Z, Cox JE, et al. Changes in plasma gonadotrophin and prolactin concentrations following castration of the pony stallion. Theriogenology. 2001;55:1171–80. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00475-7

198

Ganjam VK. Episodic nature of the delta 4-ene and delta 5-ene steroidogenic pathways and their... Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27.

199

Hess MF, Roser JF. The effects of age, season and fertility status on plasma and intratesticular insulin-like growth factor I concentration in stallions. Theriogenology. 2001;56:723–33. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00602-1

200

Irvine CHG. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1984;3.

201

Irvine CHG, Alexander SL. Effect of sexual arousal on gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone and... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1795257

202

Irvine CHG, Alexander SL, Turner JE. Seasonal variation in the feedback of sex steroid hormones on serum LH concentration in the male horse. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1986;76.

203

Irvine CHG, Alexander SL. GnRH. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

204

Johnson L. Spermatogenesis. Reproduction in domestic animals. New York: Academic Press 1977.

205

Johnson L. Seasonal differences in equine spermatogenesis. Biology of Reproduction. 1991;44.

206

Johnson L, Thompson DL. Age related and seasonal variation in sertoli cell population daily spermatozoa production and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and testosterone in stallions. Biology of Reproduction. 1983;29.

207

Johnson L, Varner DD, Tatum ME, et al. Season but not age affects Sertoli cell numbers in adult stallions. Biology of Reproduction. 1991;45.

208

Johnson L, Varner D, Thompson DL. Effect of age and season on the establishment of spermatogenesis in the horse. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44:87–97.

209

Lang AL, Vogelsang MM, Potter GD. Circadian patterns of plasma LH, and testosterone concentrations in stallions in summer and winter. Proceedings of the 14th Equine Nutrition and Physiology Symposium . - Google Books.

210

McDonnell SM. Reproductive behavior of stallions and mares: comparison of free-running and domestic in-hand breeding. Animal Reproduction Science. 2000;60–61:211–9. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00136-6

211

Madill S. Reproductive considerations: mare and stallion. Veterinary Clinic of North America Equine Practice. 2002;18.

212

MALMGREN L, ANDRESEN Ø, DALIN A-M. Effect of GnRH immunisation on hormonal levels, sexual behaviour, semen quality and testicular morphology in mature stallions. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;33:75–83. doi: 10.2746/042516401776767340

213

Naden J, Amann RR, Squires EL. Testicular growth, hormone concentrations, seminal characteristics and sexual behaviour in stallions. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1990;88.

214

Nett TM. Reproductive peptide protein hormones. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

215

Pickett BW, Voss JL. Reproductive management of stallions. Proceedings of the 14th Equine Nutrition and Physiology Symposium ... - Google Books. Equine Nutrition and Physiology Society, 1995 .

216

Pickett BW, Amman RP, McKinnon AO, et al. Management of the stallion for maximum reproductive efficiency II. Animal Reproduction Laboratory Bulletin 5. 1989.

217

Pozar MA, McDonnell SM, Kenney RM, et al. GnRH facilitates capulatory behaviour in geldings treated with test. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

218

Roser JF, Hughes JP. Prolonged pulsatile administration of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) to fertile stallions. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

219

Roser JF. Endocrine basis for testicular function in the stallion. Theriogenology. 1997;48:883–92. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(97)00309-9

220

Rossdale PD, Ricketts SW. Equine stud farm medicine. 2nd ed. London: Baillière Tindall .

221

Seamens M, Roser JF, Linford RL, et al. Gonadotrophin and steroid concentrations in jugular and testicular venous plasma in stallions... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

222

Sharman OP. Diurnal variations of plasma testosterone in stallions. Biology of Reproduction. 1976;15.

223

Sharp DC, Clever DI. Melatonin. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

224

Stewart BL, Roser JF. Effects of age, season, and fertility status on plasma and intratesticular immunoreactive (IR) inhibin concentrations in stallions. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 1998;15:129–39. doi: 10.1016/S0739-7240(97)00083-0

225

Stout TAE. Modulating reproductive activity in stallions: A review. Animal Reproduction Science. 2005;89:93–103. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.06.015

226

Stout TAE, Colenbrander B. Suppressing reproductive activity in horses using GnRH vaccines, antagonists or agonists. Animal Reproduction Science. 2004;82–83:633–43. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.04.009

227

Thomson C, Thompson DL, Kincaid LA, et al. Prolactin involvement with the increase in seminal volume after sexual stimulation in stallions. Journal of Animal Science. 1996;74. doi: /1996.74102468x

228

Thompson DL, Honey PG. Active immunisation of prepubertal colts against estrogens, hormonal and testicular response after puberty. Journal of Animal Science. 1984;51. doi: 10.2134/jas1984.591189x

229

Thompson DL, Johnson L, St. George RL, et al. Concentrations of prolactin, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in the pituitary and serum of horses.  Effect of sex, season and reproductive state. Journal of Animal Science. 1986;63. doi: 10.2134/jas1986.633854x

230

Thompson DL, St. George RL, Jones LS, et al. Patterns of secretion of LH, FSH, and testosterone in stallions during the summer and winter. Journal of Animal Science. 1985;60. doi: 10.2134/jas1985.603741x

231

Villani M, Cairoli F, Kindahl H, et al. Effects of Mating on Plasma Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Oestrone Sulphate and 15-Ketodihydro-PGF2? in Stallions. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2006;41:544–8. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00711.x

232

Weber JA, Woods GL. Ultrasonic measurements of stallion accessory glands and excurrent ducts during seminal emission and ejaculation. Biology of Reproduction. 1993;49.

233

Allen WR. The diagnosis and handling of early gestational abnormalities in the mare. Animal Reproduction Science. 1992;28:31–8. doi: 10.1016/0378-4320(92)90088-U

234

Ainsworth CGV, Hyland JH. Continuous infusion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) advances the onset of oestrous... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

235

Alexander SL, Irvine CHG. Control of onset of breeding season in the mare and its artificial regulation by progesterone... - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

236

ALLEN WR, STEWART F, COOPER MJ, et al. Further Studies on the Use of Synthetic Prostaglandin Analogues for Inducing Luteolysis in Mares. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1974;6:31–5. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1974.tb03925.x

237

Allen WR. Control of Oestrus and Ovulation in the Mare. Control of ovulation: [proceedings of the 26th. Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science]. London: Butterworth 1978.

238

Allen WR, Rowson KEA. Control of the mares oestrous cycle by prostaglandins. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1973;33.

239

Argo CM, Cox JE, Gray JL. Effect of oral melatonin treatment on the seasonal physiology of pony stallions. - Abstract - Europe PubMed Central. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

240

Arrott C, Macpherson M, Blanchard T, et al. Biodegradable estradiol microspheres do not affect uterine involution or characteristics of postpartum estrus in mares. Theriogenology. 1994;42:371–84. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(94)90282-8

241

Ashbury AC. Examination of the mare. Equine medicine and surgery. Goleta, Calif: American Veterinary Publications 1991.

242

Ball BA, Brinsko SP. Early Embryo loss - a research update. Modern Horse Breeding IX.

243

Barbacini S, Zavaglia G, Gulden P, et al. Retrospective study on the efficacy of hCG in an equine artificial insemination programme using frozen semen. Equine Veterinary Education. 2010;12:312–7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.2000.tb00067.x

244

Bell RJ, Bristol FM. Fertility and pregnancy loss after delay of foal oestrus with progesterone and oestradid 17. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement. 1987;35.

245

K. Bennett-Wimbush1, W.E. Loch2, H. Plata-Madrid2, T. Evans3. The effects of perphenazine and bromocriptine on follicular dynamics and endocrine profiles in anestrous pony mares. The effects of perphenazine and bromocriptine on follicular dynamics and endocrine profiles in anestrous pony maresRecommended articlesDownload PDFs. ;49:717–33. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(98)00021-1

246

Bergfelt DR, Adams GP. Ovarian synchronization following follicle ablation in mares. Theriogenology. 1996;45.

247

Bergfelt DR, Meira C, Fleury JJ, et al. Ovulation synchronization following commercial application of ultrasound-guided follicle ablation during the estrous cycle in mares. Theriogenology. 2007;68:1183–91. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.08.020

248

Blanchard TL, Macpherson ML. Breeding mares on foal heat. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

249

Blanchard TL, Thompson JA, Brinsko SP, et al. Mating mares on foal heat: a five-year retrospective study. - CAB Direct. American Association of of Equine Practitioners. Published Online First: 2004.

250

Blanchard TL, Thompson JA, Love CC, et al. Influence of day of postpartum breeding on pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss rate, and foaling rate in Thoroughbred mares. Theriogenology. 2012;77:1290–6. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.034

251

Bowling AT, Milton L, Hughes JP. An update of chromosomal abnormalities in mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1987;35.

252

Bradecamp EA. Synchronisation of Ovulation. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

253

Brendemuehl JP, Cross DL. Influence of the dopamine antagonist domperidone on the vernal transition in seasonally anoestrous mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 2000;56.

254

Bristol F. Oestrus synchronisation in mares. Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment and prevention of reproductive diseases in animals. Philadelphia: Saunders 1980.

255

Burkhardt J. Transition from anoestrus in the mare and the effects of artificial lighting. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 1947;37. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600013083

256

Burns SJ, Irvine CH, Amoss MS. Fertility of prostaglandine induced oestrus compared to normal post-partum oestrus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1979;27. doi: info:pmid/289796

257

Carnevale E, Uson M, Bozzola J, et al. Comparison of oocytes from young and old mares with light and electron microscopy. Theriogenology. 1999;51. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(99)91858-7

258

Cooper MJ. Prostaglandins in Veterinary practice. In Practice. 1981;3.

259

Crowhurst RC, Simpson DJ, Greenwood RE, et al. CEM. Vet Record. 1979;104.

260

Daels PF, Hughes JP. Fertility control using intrauterine devices: An alternative for population control in wild horses. Theriogenology. 1995;44:629–39. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(95)00243-2

261

Daels PF, Fatone S, Hansen BS, et al. Dopamine antagonist-induced reproductive function in anoestrous mares; gonadotrophin secretion and the effects of environmental cues. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 2000;173–83. doi: info:pmid/20681129

262

Depew CG. Horse breeding management. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1995;15:228–9. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(07)80467-9

263

Dinger JE, Noiles EE, Bates MJL. Effect of progesterone impregnated vaginal sponges and PMSG administration on estrus synchronization in mares. Theriogenology. 1981;16:231–7. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(81)90105-9

264

doig RA, Waelchi RO. Endometrial Biopsy. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

265

Douglas RH, Nuti L, Ginther OJ. Induction of ovulation and multiple ovulation in seasonally-anovulatory mares with equine pituitary fractions. Theriogenology. 1974;2:133–42. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(74)90063-6

266

Evans MJ. Induction of follicular development and ovulation in seasonally acyclic mares using gonadotrophin-releasing hormones and progesterone. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;113–21. doi: info:pmid/383982

267

Farquhar VJ, M. McCue P, Vanderwall DK, et al. Efficacy of the gnrh agonist deslorelin acetate for inducing ovulation in mares relative to age of mare and season. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2000;20:722–5. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(00)80183-5

268

Farquar VJ, McCue PM, Nett TM, et al. Effect of deslorelin acetate on gonadotrophin secretion and ovarian follicle development in cycling mares. Journal of American Veterinary Medicine Association. 2001;218. http://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/abs/10.2460/javma.2001.218.749

269

Ferreira-Dias G, Claudino F, Carvalho H, et al. Seasonal reproduction in the mare: possible role of plasma leptin, body weight and immune status. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 2005;29:203–13. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.006

270

First, N. L. Synchronization of Estrus and Ovulation in the Mare with Methallibure. Journal of Animal Science. ;36:1143–8. doi: 10.2134/jas1973.3661143x

271

Fitzgerald BP. Potential signals mediating the maintenance of reproductive activity during the non-breeding season of the mare. Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Supplement. 2002;59:115–29.

272

Gastal EL, Donadeu FX, Gastal MO, et al. Echotextural changes in the follicular wall during follicle deviation in mares. Theriogenology. 1999;52:803–14. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00173-9

273

Gentry, L. R. High versus low body condition in mares: Interactions with responses to somatotropin, GnRH analog, and dexamethasone. Journal of Animal Science. 2002;80:3277–85. doi: /2002.80123277x

274

Gentry, L. R. The relationship between body condition, leptin, and reproductive and hormonal characteristics of mares during the seasonal anovulatory period. Journal of Animal Science. 2002;80:2695–703. doi: /2002.80102695x

275

Gentry, L R. Responses of seasonally anovulatory mares to daily administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and(or) gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog. Journal of animal science. ;80:208–13. doi: /2002.801208x

276

Gibbs PG, Davison KE. A field study on reproductive efficiency of mares maintained predominately on native pasture. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1992;12:219–22. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)81449-8

277

Ginther OJ, Pierson RA. Ultrasonic evaluation of the reproductive tract of the mare; principles, equipment, and techniques. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1983;3:195–201. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(83)80014-8

278

Ginther OJ, Pierson RA. Ultrasonic evaluation of the reproductive tract of the mare; principles, equipment, and techniques. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1983;3:195–201. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(83)80014-8

279

Ginther OJ, Pierson RA. Ultrasonic evaluation of the reproductive tract of the mare; principles, equipment, and techniques. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1983;3:195–201. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(83)80014-8

280

Ginther OJ. Twinning in mares: A review of recent studies. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1982;2:127–35. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(82)80005-1

281

Handler J, Schönlieb S, Hoppen H-O, et al. Seasonal effects on attempts to synchronize estrus and ovulation by intravaginal application of progesterone-releasing device (PRID^TM) in mares. Theriogenology. 2006;65:1145–58. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.07.013

282

Harrison LA, Squires EL, McKinnon AO. Comparison of HCG, buserelin and luprostiol for induction of ovulation in cycling mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1991;11:163–6. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(07)80039-6

283

Harrison, L A. Use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone for hastening ovulation in transitional mares. Journal of animal science. ;68:690–9. doi: /1990.683690x

284

Hedburg Y, Dalin AM, Santesson M, et al. A preliminary study on the induction of dioestrous ovulation in the mare--a possible method for inducing prolonged luteal phase. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2006;26.

285

Heidler B, Parvizi N, Sauerwein H, et al. Effects of lactation on metabolic and reproductive hormones in Lipizzaner mares. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 2003;25:47–59. doi: 10.1016/S0739-7240(03)00044-4

286

Fitzgerald BP. Photoperiodic Versus Metabolic Signals as Determinants of Seasonal Anestrus in the Mare. Biology of Reproduction. 2000;63:335–40. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod63.1.335

287

Holtan DW, Douglas RH, Ginther OJ. Estrus, ovulation and conception following synchronisation with progesterone, prostaglandin F2x and human chorionic gonadotrophin in pony mares. Journal of Animal Science. 1977;44.

288

Hyland JH. Infusion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induces ovulation and fertile oestrus in mares during seasonal anoestrus. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1987;35:211–20.

289

Hyland JH, Jeffcott LB. Control of transitional anestrus in mares by infusion of gonadotropin releasing hormone. Theriogenology. 1988;29:1383–91. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(88)90019-2

290

Imboden I, Janett F, Burger D, et al. Influence of immunization against GnRH on reproductive cyclicity and estrous behavior in the mare. Theriogenology. 2006;66.

291

Ionata LM, Anderson TM, Pickett BW, et al. Effect of supplementary sexual preparation on semen characteristics of stallions. Theriogenology. 1991;36:923–37. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(91)90318-8

292

Irvine CHG. GnRH. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1986;6.

293

Ishii M, Shimamura T, Utsumi A, et al. Reproductive performance and factors that decrease pregnancy rate in heavy draft horses bred at the foal heat. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2001;21:131–6. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(01)70109-8

294

Jöchle W, Trigg TE. Control of Ovulation in the Mare With Ovuplant^TM. A Short-Term Release Implant (STI) Containing The GNRH Analogue Deslorelin Acetate: Studies from 1990 to 1994. (A Review). Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1994;14:632–44. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)81681-3

295

Jöchle W. Release of LH, FSH and GnRH into pituitary venous blood in mares treated with a PGF analogue, luprostiol, during the transition period. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1987;35:261–7.

296

Kenney RM. Endometriol biopsy technique and classification according to interpretation. Proc Soc Theriogenology. 1978.

297

Kesler DJ, Lock TF. Effect of Altrenogest Treatment to Early Postpartum Mares on Reproductive Performance of the Mare and Health, Growth and Development of the Foal. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 1998;14:51–6. doi: 10.1080/09712119.1998.9706215

298

King SS, Jones KL, Mullenix BA, et al. Seasonal relationships between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor and equine FSH receptor mRNA in equine ovarian epithelium. Animal Reproduction Science. 2008;108:259–66. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.08.007

299

Kooistra LH. Effect of photoperiod on reproductive activity and hair in mares. American journal of veterinary research. 1975;36:1413–9.

300

Kubiak JR, Crawford BH, Squires EL, et al. The influence of energy intake and percentage of body fat on the reproductive performance of nonpregnant mares. Theriogenology. 1987;28:587–98. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(87)90275-5

301

Lapin DJ, Ginther OJ. Induction of ovulation and multiple ovulations in seasonally-anovulatory mares with equine pituitary extract. Journal of Animal Science. 1977;44.

302

Le Blanc MM. Endoscopy. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

303

Levy I, Duchamp G. A Single Subcutaneous Administration of Buserelin Induces Ovulation in the Mare: Field Data. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2007;42:550–4. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00822.x

304

Loy RG. Sources of variation in response intervals after prostaglandin treatment in mares with functional corpora lutea. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;229–35.

305

Loy, R. G. Effects of Exogenous Progestogens on Reproductive Phenomena in Mares. Journal of Animal Science. ;25:821–6. doi: 10.2134/jas1966.253821x

306

Lübbecke M, Klug E, Hoppen HO, et al. Attempts to Synchronize Estrus and Ovulation in Mares Using Progesterone (CIDR-B) and GnRH-Analog Deslorelin. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 1994;29:305–14. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1994.tb00563.x

307

Mather EC. The use of fibre-optic techniques in clinical diagnosis and visual assessment of experimental intrauterine therapy in mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;293–7.

308

McCall CA. Utilizing taped stallion vocalizations as a practical aid in estrus detection in mares. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 1991;28:305–10. doi: 10.1016/0168-1591(91)90162-Q

309

McCue PM, Farquhar VJ, Carnevale EM, et al. Removal of deslorelin (Ovuplant^TM) implant 48 h after administration results in normal interovulatory intervals in mares. Theriogenology. 2002;58:865–70. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(02)00923-8

310

McCue PM, LeBlanc MM, Squires EL. eFSH in clinical equine practice. Theriogenology. 2007;68:429–33. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.04.027

311

McDonnell SM. Reproductive behavior of stallions and mares: comparison of free-running and domestic in-hand breeding. Animal Reproduction Science. 2000;60–61:211–9. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00136-6

312

McDonnell SM, Garcia MC, Blanchard TL, et al. Evaluation of androgenized mares as an estrus detection aid. Theriogenology. 1986;26.

313

McKinnon AO. Uterine Pathology. Equine diagnostic ultrasonography. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins 1998.

314

McKinnon AO, Carnevale EM. Ultrasonography. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

315

Johnson CA, Thompson DL, Kulinski KM, et al. Prolonged interovulatory interval and hormonal changes in mares following the use of Ovuplant^TM to hasten ovulation. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2000;20:331–6. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(00)70421-7

316

Merkt, H. Reproduction management in the German Thoroughbred breeding industry. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2000;20:822–5, 868. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(00)80087-820013021876

317

Morehead JP, Colon JL, Blanchard TL. Clinical experience with native GnRH therapy to hasten follicular development and first ovulation of the breeding season. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2001;21.

318

Mumford, E L. Effect of various doses of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue on induction of ovulation in anestrous mares. Journal of animal science. ;72:178–83. doi: /1994.721178x

319

Murphy BA, Walsh CM, Woodward EM, et al. Blue light from individual light masks directed at a single eye advances the breeding season in mares. Equine Veterinary Journal. Published Online First: 2013. doi: 10.1111/evj.12153

320

Newcombe J. R. Embryonic loss and abnormalities of early pregnancy. Equine Veterinary Education. 2010;12:88–101. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.2000.tb01771.x

321

Newcombe JR. Field observations on the use of a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device to induce estrus and ovulation in seasonally anestrous mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2002;22:378–82. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(02)70016-6

322

Newcombe, J.R. The use of progesterone releasing intravaginal devices to induce estrus and ovulation in anestrous Standardbred mares in Australia. Equine practice (USA).

323

Nie GJ, Johnson KE, Braden TD, et al. Use of an intra-uterine glass ball protocol to extend luteal function in mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2003;23:266–73. doi: 10.1053/jevs.2003.75

324

Nie GJ, Goodin AN, Braden TD, et al. Luteal and clinical response following administration of dinoprost tromethamine or cloprostenol at standard intramuscular sites or at the lumbosacral acupuncture points in mares. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2001;62.

325

Nie GJ, Johnson KE, Wenzel JGW. Use of glass ball to suppress behavioural estrus in mares. Proceedings of American Association of Equine Practioners. 2001;47.

326

Nishikawa Y. Studies on reproduction in horses: singularity and artificial control in reproductive phenomena. Tokyo: Japan Racing Association 1959.

327

Norman ST, Larsen JE, Morton JM. Oestrous response and follicular development in mares after treatment with an intravaginal progesterone releasing device in association with single injections of oestradiol benzoate and PGF2alpha. Australian Veterinary Journal. 2006;84.

328

Noue P, Bernabé J, Rampin O, et al. Sexual behavior of stallions during in-hand natural service and semen collection: an observation in French studs. Animal Reproduction Science. 2001;68:161–9. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(01)00153-1

329

Oxender WD. Estrus, ovulation, and serum progesterone, estradiol, and LH concentrations in mares after an increased photoperiod during winter. American journal of veterinary research. 1977;38:203–7.

330

Palmer, E. Uses of LHRH and analogues in the mare. Proc 11th Int Cong Anim Reprod and AI.

331

Palmer E, Driancourt MA. Some interactions of season of foaling, photoperiod and ovarian activity in the equine. Livestock Production Science. 1983;10:197–210. doi: 10.1016/0301-6226(83)90035-0

332

Palmer E, Draincourt MA, Ortavent R. Photoperiodic stimulation of the mare during winter anoestrus. - PubMed - NCBI. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement. 1982;32.

333

Palmer E. Reproductive management of mares without detection of oestrus. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;263–70.

334

Palmer E. Synchronization of oestrus in mares with a prostaglandin analogue and HCG. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;269–74.

335

Panzani D, Zicchino I, Taras A, et al. Clinical use of dopamine antagonist sulpiride to advance first ovulation in transitional mares. Theriogenology. 2011;75:138–43. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.07.019

336

Pascoe RR. Observations on the length and angle of declination of the vulva and its relation to fertility in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;299–305.

337

Peres KR, Fernandes CB, Alvarenga MA, et al. Effect of eFSH on Ovarian Cyclicity and Embryo Production of Mares in Spring Transitional Phase. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2007;27:176–80. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2007.02.009

338

Perkins N, Grimmett J. Pregnancy and twinning rates in Thoroughbred mares following the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 2001;49:94–100. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2001.36210

339

Pinto CRF. Proestagens and Progsterone. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

340

Pycock J. Pre-breeding checks for mares. In Practice. 2004;26:78–85. doi: 10.1136/inpract.26.2.78

341

Pycock JF, Newcombe JR. Assessment of the effect of three treatments to remove intrauterine fluid on pregnancy rate in the mare. Vet Rec. 1996;138.

342

Raz T, Carley S, Card C. Comparison of the effects of eFSH and deslorelin treatment regimes on ovarian stimulation and embryo production of donor mares in early vernal transition. Theriogenology. 2009;71:1358–66. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.09.048

343

Ricketts SW. Role of anaerobic bacteria in equine endometritis. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1987;35:343–51.

344

Ricketts SW, young A, Medici EB. Uterine and Clitored Culture. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

345

Ricketts S. Bacterioloical examinations of the mare’s cervix: techniques and interpretation of results. Veterinary Record. 1981;108:46–51. doi: 10.1136/vr.108.3.46

346

Ricketts SW. The barren mare.  Diagnosis, prognosis, prophylaxis and treatment for genital abnormality.  Part 1 and Part 2. In Practice. ;11.

347

Rivera del Alamo MM, Reilas T, Kindahl H, et al. Mechanisms behind intrauterine device-induced luteal persistence in mares. Animal Reproduction Science. 2008;107:94–106. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.06.010

348

Rutten DR. Progesterone therapy in mares with abnormal oestrous cycles. The Veterinary record. 1986;119:569–71.

349

Samper JC. Induction of estrus and ovulation: Why some mares respond and others do not. Theriogenology. 2008;70:445–7. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.040

350

Samper JC, Jensen S, Sergeant J, et al. Timing of induction of ovulation in mares treated with Ovuplant or Chorulon. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2002;22:320–3. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(02)70080-4

351

Scaramuzzi RJ, Martin GB. The Importance of Interactions Among Nutrition, Seasonality and Socio-sexual. Factors in the Development of Hormone-free Methods for Controlling Fertility. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2008;43.

352

Scheffrahn NS, Wiseman BS, Vincent DL, et al. Ovulation control in pony mares during early spring using progestins, PGF2x, hcG and GnRH. Journal of Animal Science. 1980;51.

353

S.T. Scraba, O.J. Ginther. Effects of lighting programs on onset of the ovulatory season in mares. Theriogenology. ;24:667–79. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(85)90165-7

354

Sharma S, Davies Morel MCG, Dhaliwal GS. Factors affecting the incidence of postpartum oestrus, ovarian activity and reproductive performance in Thoroughbred mares bred at foal heat under Indian subtropical conditions. Theriogenology. 2010;74.

355

Sharp DC. Photoperiod. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

356

Sharp DC. Effects of artificial light on the oestrous cycle of the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;241–6.

357

Shideler RK. Rectal Palpation. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

358

Shoemaker CF, Squires EL, Shideler RK. Safety of altrenogest in pregnant mares and on health and development of offspring. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1989;9:69–72. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(89)80030-9

359

Squires EL. Progestin. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

360

Squires, E. L. Relationship of Altrenogest to Ovarian Activity, Hormone Concentrations and Fertility of Mares. Journal of Animal Science. ;56:901–10. doi: 10.2134/jas1983.564901x

361

Squires, E. L. Effect of an Oral Progestin on the Estrous Cycle and Fertility of Mares. Journal of Animal Science. ;49:729–35. doi: 10.2134/jas1979.493729x

362

Squires EL, Shideler RK, McKinnon AO. Reproductive performance of offspring from mares administered altrenogest during gestation. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1989;9:73–6. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(89)80031-0

363

Staempfli SA. Prostaglandins. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

364

Stanton ME. Uterine involution. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

365

Stout TAE. Modulating reproductive activity in stallions: A review. Animal Reproduction Science. 2005;89:93–103. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.06.015

366

Stout TAE, Colenbrander B. Suppressing reproductive activity in horses using GnRH vaccines, antagonists or agonists. Animal Reproduction Science. 2004;82–83:633–43. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.04.009

367

Swinker AM, Squires EL, Mumford EL, et al. Effect of body weight and body condition score on follicular development and ovulation in mares treated with GnRH analogue. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1993;13:519–20. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(07)80268-1

368

Troedsson MHT. Uterine clearance and resistance to persistent endometritis in the mare. Theriogenology. 1999;52:461–71. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00143-0

369

Turkstra JA, van der Meer FJUM, Knaap J, et al. Effects of GnRH immunization in sexually mature pony stallions. Animal Reproduction Science. 2005;86:247–59. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.07.010

370

Vanderwall DK, Juergens TD, Woods GL. Reproductive performance of commercial broodmares after induction of ovulation with HCG or Ovuplant^TM (deslorelin). Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2001;21:539–42. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(01)70158-X

371

van Niekerk CH. Progesterone treatment of mares with abnormal oestrous cycles early in the breeding season. Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association. 1973;44:37–45.

372

Niekerk, C.H. van. Nutrition and ovarian activity of mares early in the breeding season. J Afr Vet Assoc.

373

Van Niekerk FE, Van Niekerk CH. The effect of dietary protein on reproduction in the mare III ovarian and uterine changes during anovulatory, transitional and ovulatory periods in non-pregnant mare. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. 1997;68.

374

Veronesi MC, Battocchio M, Faustini M, et al. Relationship between pharmacological induction of estrous and/or ovulation and twin pregnancy in the Thoroughbred mares. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 2003;25:133–40. doi: 10.1016/S0739-7240(03)00052-3

375

Voss JL, Pickett BW. The effect of nutritional supplement on conception role in mares. Prac Am Assoc Equine Pract. 1973.

376

Walsh CM, Prendergast RL, Sheridan JT, et al. Blue light from light-emitting diodes directed at a single eye elicits a dose-dependent suppression of melatonin in horses. The Veterinary Journal. 2013;196:231–5. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.09.003

377

Watson ED. Post-breeding endometritis in the mare. Animal Reproduction Science. 2000;60–61:221–32. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00110-X

378

Willmann C, Schuler G, Hoffmann B, et al. Effects of age and altrenogest treatment on conceptus development and secretion of LH, progesterone and eCG in early-pregnant mares. Theriogenology. 2011;75:421–8. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.05.009

379

Wilson CG, Downie CR, Hughes JP, et al. Effects of repeated hCG injections on reproductive efficiency in mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1990;10:301–8. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)80015-8

380

Woods GL. Pregnancy loss.  A major cause of infertility in the mare. Equine Prac. 1989;11.

381

M.J. Yoona, I. Boimeb, M. Colginc, K.D. Niswenderd, S.S. Kinge, M. Alvarengaf, A. Jablonka-Shariffb, C.A. Pearlb, J.F. Rosera, ,. The efficacy of a single chain recombinant equine luteinizing hormone (reLH) in mares: Induction of ovulation, hormone profiles, and inter-ovulatory intervals. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. ;33:470–9. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2007.06.001

382

Allen W. Fetomaternal interactions and influences during equine pregnancy. Reproduction. 2001;121:513–27. doi: 10.1530/rep.0.1210513

383

Allen WR. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Immunological aspects of the equine endometrial cup reaction and the effect of xenogenic extra species pregnancy in horses and donkeys. 1982;31.

384

Allen WE. Ovarian changes during early pregnancy in pony mares in relation to PMSG production. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;425–8.

385

Allen WR, Stewart F. ECG. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

386

Allen WR. Extraspecific donkey-in-horse pregnancy as a model of early fetal death. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1987;35:197–209.

387

Allen W. The influence of maternal size on placental, fetal and postnatal growth in the horse. II. Endocrinology of pregnancy. Journal of Endocrinology. 2002;172:237–46. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1720237

388

Barnea ER. Insight into Early Pregnancy Events: The Emerging Role of the Embryo*. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2004;51:319–22. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00159.x

389

Bazer FW, Thatcher WW. Theory of maternal recognition of pregnancy in swine based on estrogen controlled endocrine versus exocrine secretion of prostaglandin F2α by the uterine endometrium. Prostaglandins. 1977;14:397–401. doi: 10.1016/0090-6980(77)90185-X

390

Bazer FW, Ott TL, Spencer TE. Pregnancy recognition in ruminants, pigs and horses: Signals from the trophoblast. Theriogenology. 1994;41:79–94. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(05)80052-4

391

Bergfelt DR, Ginther OJ. Relationships between circulating concentrations of fish and follicular waves during early pregnancy in mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 1992;12:274–9. doi: 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)81332-8

392

Berglund LA, Sharp DC, Vernon MW, et al. Effect of pregnancy status and collection technique on prostaglandin F in the uterine lumen of pony mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1982;32.

393

B R Bhavnani. Formation of Steroids by the Pregnant Mare. III. Metabolism of 14C-Squalene and 3H-Dehydroisoandrosterone Injected into the Fetal Circulation1 1. Endocrinology. Published Online First: 1 July 2013.

394

BHAGU R. BHAVNANI. Formation of Steroids by the Pregnant Mare. IV. Metabolism 14of C-Mevalonic Acid and 3H-Dehydroisoandrosterone Injected into the Fetal Circulation14. Endocrinology. Published Online First: 1 July 2013.

395

CHAVATTE P, HOLTAN D, OUSEY JC, et al. Biosynthesis and possible biological roles of progestagens during equine pregnancy and in the newborn foal. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;29:89–95. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05084.x

396

Choi SJ, Anderson GB, Roser JF. Production of estrogen conjugates and free estrogens by the pre-implantation equine embryo. Biology of Reproduction. 1995;52.

397

Cox JE. Oestrone and equilin in the plasma of the pregnant mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;463–8.

398

Daels P, Albrecht B, Mohammed H. In vitro regulation of luteal function in mares. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 1995;30:211–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1995.tb00148.x

399

Daels PF, Jorge De Moraes M, Stabenfeldt GH, et al. The corpus luteum a major source of oestrogen in early pregnancy in the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1991;44.

400

Daels PF, Shideler S, Lasley BL, et al. Source of oestrogen in early pregnancy in the mare. Reproduction. 1990;90:55–61. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0900055

401

Equine Veterinary Journal. ;Volume 29.

402

Evans MJ. Serum concentrations of FSH, LH and progesterone during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;193–200.

403

Flood PF. Oestrogens and androgens in blastocoelic fluid and cultures of cells from equine conceptuses of 10-22 days gestation. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;413–20.

404

Freeman DA, Weber JA, Geary RT, et al. Time of embryo transport through the mare oviduct. Theriogenology. 1991;36:823–30. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(91)90348-H

405

GINTHER OJ. Dynamic physical interactions between the equine embryo and uterus. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;17:41–7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb04592.x

406

GINTHER OJ. Twin embryos in mares II: post fixation embryo reduction. Equine Veterinary Journal. 1989;21:171–4. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1989.tb02134.x

407

Ginther OJ, Griffin PG. Natural outcome and ultrasonic identification of equine fetal twins. Theriogenology. 1994;41:1193–9. doi: 10.1016/S0093-691X(05)80041-X

408

Goff AK. Oxytocin stimulation of plasma 15-keto-13,14-dihydro prostaglandin F-2 alpha during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1987;35:253–60.

409

Hamon M. Production of 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone during late pregnancy in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1991;44:529–35.

410

Hansen TR. Mechanism of action of interferon-tau in the uterus during early pregnancy. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1999;54:329–39.

411

HARDING R. Fetal pulmonary development: the role of respiratory movements. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;29:32–9. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05076.x

412

Heap RB, Hamon M, Allen WR. Studies on oestrogen synthesis by pre-implantation equine conceptus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1982;32.

413

Hershman L. The critical period for the maternal recognition of pregnancy in pony mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;395–401.

414

HOCHI S, BRAUN J, OGURI N. The hatching process of equine embryos in vitro. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;25:91–4. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb04836.x

415

Holtan DW. Effect of ovariectomy on pregnancy in mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;457–63.

416

Holtan DW, Nett TM, Estergreen VL. Plasma progestagens in pregnant mares. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1975;23.

417

Houghton E. Plasma progestagen concentrations in the normal and dysmature newborn foal. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1991;44:609–17.

418

Kindahl H. Progesterone, prostaglandin F-2 alpha, PMSG and oestrone sulphate during early pregnancy in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1982;32:353–9.

419

Klein C, Scoggin KE, Ealy AD, et al. Transcriptional Profiling of Equine Endometrium During the Time of Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy. Biology of Reproduction. 2010;83:102–13. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.081612

420

Koets AP. The equine endometrial cup reaction: A review. Veterinary Quarterly. 1995;17:21–9. doi: 10.1080/01652176.1995.9694525

421

Lamming GE, Mann GE. Control of endometrial oxytocin receptors and prostaglandin F2  production in cows by progesterone and oestradiol. Reproduction. 1995;103:69–73. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1030069

422

LeBLANC MM. Identification and treatment of the compromised equine fetus: A clinical perspective. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;29:100–3. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05086.x

423

Merchant-Larios H. Ultrastructural events in horse gonadal morphogenesis. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;479–85.

424

Moor RM. Effect of embryo on corpus luteum function. | POPLINE.org. Journal of Animal Science. Published Online First: 1968.

425

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Oestrogens. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

426

Nett TM. Oestrogens, LH, PMSG, and prolactin in serum of pregnant mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;457–62.

427

Ousey JC, Houghton E, Grainger L, et al. Progestagen profiles during the last trimester of gestation in Thoroughbred mares with normal or compromised pregnancies. Theriogenology. 2005;63:1844–56. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.08.010

428

Paidas MJ, Krikun G, Huang SJ, et al. A genomic and proteomic investigation of the impact of preimplantation factor on human decidual cells. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2010;202:459.e1-459.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.03.024

429

Pashen RL, Allen WR. Endocrine changes after foetal gonadectomy and during normal and induced parturition in the mare. Animal Reproduction Science. 1979;2:271–88. doi: 10.1016/0378-4320(79)90053-8

430

Palmer E. Urinary oestrogen and plasma progesterone levels in non-pregnant mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;213–21.

431

Pupkin MJ, Schomberg DW, Nagey DA, et al. Effects of exogenous dehydroepiandrosterone upon fet-placental biosynthesis of estrogens and its effect  upon uterine blood flow in term pregnant ewe. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1975;23.

432

Raeside JI. Patterns of urinary oestrogen excretion in individual pregnant mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;649–75.

433

Raeside JI. A precursor role for DHA in a feto-placental unit for oestrogen formation in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;493–7.

434

Rivera del Alamo MM, Reilas T, Kindahl H, et al. Mechanisms behind intrauterine device-induced luteal persistence in mares. Animal Reproduction Science. 2008;107:94–106. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.06.010

435

Robinson SJ. Modulation of oviductal transport in mares by local application of prostaglandin E2. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 2000;587–92.

436

McKinnon AO, Voss JL. Maternal recognition of pregnancy. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

437

SILBERZAHN P, ZWAIN I, MARTIN B. Concentration Increase of Unbound Testosterone in Plasma of the Mare throughout Pregnancy. Endocrinology. 1984;115:416–9. doi: 10.1210/endo-115-1-416

438

Sissener TR, Squires EL, Clay CM. Differential suppression of endometrial prostaglandin F2alpha by the equine conceptus. Theriogenology. 1996;45:541–6. doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(95)00401-S

439

Spincemaille J. Some aspects of endometrial cup formation and PMSG production. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;415–8.

440

Squires, E.L. Ovarian Changes during the Estrous Cycle and Pregnancy in Mares. Journal of Animal Science. ;38:330–8. doi: 10.2134/jas1974.382330x

441

Squires EL. Progesterone. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

442

Squires EL. Endocrinology of Pregnancy. Equine reproduction. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1993.

443

Stabenfeldt GH. An oestrogen conjugate enzyme immunoassay for monitoring pregnancy in the mare: limitations of the assay between days 40 and 70 of gestation. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1991;44:37–44.

444

Starbuck GR, Stout TAE, Lamming GE, et al. Endometrial oxytocin receptor and uterine prostaglandin secretion in mares during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Reproduction. 1998;113:173–9. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1130173

445

Stewart DR, Stabenfeldt G. Relaxin activity in the pregnant mare. Biology of Reproduction. 1981;25.

446

Stout TAE, Allen WR. Conceptus factors involved in the maternal recognition of pregnancy in the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Abstract Series. 1996;17.

447

Stout TAE, Lamming GE, Allen WR. Oxytocin and its endometrial receptor are integral to luteolysis in the cycling mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement. 2000;56.

448

Urwin VE. Pituitary and chorionic gonadotrophic control of ovarian function during early pregnancy in equids. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1982;32:371–81.

449

Watson ED, Bjorkstein TS, Buckingham J, et al. Immunolocalisation of oxytocin in the uterus of the mare. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Abstract series. 1997;20.

450

Weber JA, Freeman DA, Vanderwall DK, et al. Prostaglandin E2 secretion by oviductal transport-stage equine embryos. Biology of Reproduction. 1991;45.

451

Biology of Reproduction. 1991;45.

452

Weber JA, Freeman DA, Vanderwall DK, et al. Prostaglandin E2 hastens oviductal transport of equine embryos. Biology of Reproduction. 1991;45.

453

Woodley SL. Prolonged interovulatory interval after oestradiol treatment in mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;205–9.

454

ZAVY MT, VERNON MW, SHARP DC, et al. Endocrine Aspects of Early Pregnancy in Pony Mares: A Comparison of Uterine Luminal and Peripheral Plasma Levels of Steroids during the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy*. Endocrinology. 1984;115:214–9. doi: 10.1210/endo-115-1-214

455

Zavy MT, Sharp DC, Bazer FW, et al. Identification of stage-specific and hormonally induced polypeptides in the uterine protein secretions of the mare during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Reproduction. 1982;64:199–207. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0640199

456

Zavy JT. An investigation of the uterine luminal environment of non-pregnant and pregnant pony mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;403–11.

457

Allen WR. Fetomaternal interactions and influences during equine pregnancy. Reproduction. 2001;121.

458

Alm CC. The effect of a corticosteroid (dexamethasone), progesterone, oestrogen and prostaglandin F2alpha on gestation length in normal and ovariectomized mares. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;637–40.

459

BARNES RJ, COMLINE RS, JEFFCOTT LB, et al. FOETAL AND MATERNAL PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF 13,14-DIHYDRO-15-OXO-PROSTAGLANDIN F IN THE MARE DURING LATE PREGNANCY AND AT PARTURITION. Journal of Endocrinology. 1978;78:201–15. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0780201

460

Bos H, van der Mey GJW. Length of gestation periods of horses and ponies belonging to different breeds. Livestock Production Science. 1980;7:181–7. doi: 10.1016/0301-6226(80)90105-0

461

BRYANT-GREENWOOD GD. Relaxin as a New Hormone*. Endocrine Reviews. 1982;3:62–90. doi: 10.1210/edrv-3-1-62

462

Campitelli S, Carenzi C, Verga M. Factors which influence parturition in the mare and development of the foal. Applied Animal Ethology. 1982;9:7–14. doi: 10.1016/0304-3762(82)90161-4

463

Chavatte, P. Corticosteroid synthesis by the equine fetal adrenal. Biology of Reproduction. Published Online First: 1997.

464

Davies Morel MCG, Newcombe JR, Holland SJ. Factors affecting gestation length in the Thoroughbred mare. Animal Reproduction Science. 2002;74:175–85. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4320(02)00171-9

465

Flint APF, Ricketts AP, Craig VA. The control of placental steroid synthesis at parturition in domestic animals. Animal Reproduction Science. 1979;2:239–51. doi: 10.1016/0378-4320(79)90050-2

466

Forsyth IA. Studies on mild composition and lactogenic hormones in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1975;631–5.

467

Fuchs A-R, Behrens O, Liu H-C. Correlation of nocturnal increase in plasma oxytocin with a decrease in plasma estradiol/progesterone ratio in late pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1992;167:1559–63. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(92)91739-W

468

FUCHS A-R, PERIYASAMY S, ALEXANDROVA M, et al. Correlation between Oxytocin Receptor Concentration and Responsiveness to Oxytocin in Pregnant Rat Myometrium: Effects of Ovarian Steroids*. Endocrinology. 1983;113:742–9. doi: 10.1210/endo-113-2-742

469

Hamon M. Production of 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone during late pregnancy in the mare. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1991;44:529–35.

470

Hillman RB. Hormonal changes in the mare and foal associated with oxytocin induction of parturition. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1979;541–6.

471

Hodge SL. Influence of photoperiod on the pregnant and postpartum mare. American journal of veterinary research. 1982;43:1752–5.

472

Holtan DW. Plasma progestagens in the mare, fetus and newborn foal. Journal of reproduction and fertility Supplement. 1991;44:517–28.

473

Howell, C. E. Environmental Sources of Variation in the Gestation Length of the Horse. Journal of Animal Science. ;10:789–96. doi: 10.2134/jas1951.104789x

474

Jainudeen MR, Hafez ESE. Gestation, Prenatal Physiology and Parturition. Reproduction in farm animals. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2000.

475

Jeffcott LB, Whitwell KE. Twinning as a cause of foetal and neonatal loss in the Thoroughbred mare. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 1973;83:91–106. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(73)90032-7

476

LeBLANC MM. Identification and treatment of the compromised equine fetus: A clinical perspective. Equine Veterinary Journal. 2010;29:100–3. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05086.x